Pediatric Reference

Common equations

Endotracheal tube size

• = (16 + Age) / 4 OR
• = (Age/4) + 4
• then, subtract 0.5 if using cuffed ETT
• Ex: 8 year old → (8/4) + 4 = (2) + 4 = 6, so use 5.5 cuffed ETT

Estimated Blood volume

• Neonate (90 ml/kg)
• Infant to 1 year (80 ml/kg)
• Greather than 1 yr (70 ml/kg)

Hypotension

SBP = 70 + (Age in yrs x2)

Fluid Management

• 10 - 20 cc/kg bolus 2-3 times for hypotension throughout case
• 4-2-1 Rule: Estimates hourly fluid requirement
  • 4 ml/kg for the first 10 kg
  • 2 ml/kg for the second 10 kg
  • 1 ml/kg for the remaining kg
• Replace half in the first hour, quarter over the second hour and quarter over the third hour

Normal Pediatric Vital Signs